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Despite the 1781 victory of the Continental Army at Yorktown and the expectation that a formal treaty from the Paris peace talks would end the war, many officers assembled in Newburgh, NY, contemplated a mutiny against the congressmen meeting in Philadelphia. At issue was the failure of Congress and the states to pay the army, a dire situation that caused General George Washington to forego a 1782-83 winter furlough at Mt. Vernon and to personally address the defiant officers, forestalling the rebellion. Key figures in the controversy were Alexander Hamilton, Maj. Gen. Horatio Gates, and his aide Major John Armstrong.
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