Colonial Williamsburg Digital Library

INTRODUCTION

The site whereon stands the building known as Wetherburn's Tavern (Block 9, Colonial Lots 20 and 21) on the south side of Duke of Gloucester Street was leased by Colonial Williamsburg in 1964. At this time it was known locally as the Bull's Head but was renamed in honor of its most interesting eighteenth-century landlord. Henry Wetherburn's tavern-keeping interests were not confined to Lots 20 and 21, due in large part to two marriages to tavern owners' widows, though he appears to have operated the establishment that now bears his name from 1743 until 1760.

The archaeological excavation of Colonial Lots 20 and 21 were spread over a period of more than two years. Although there had been widespread disturbances, mostly caused by gardening and the erection of outbuildings, there had been little modern construction on the site and no previous archaeological digging. For this reason a large number of undisturbed archaeological deposits were encountered. At the same time the disturbed areas yielded quantities of excellent though unstratified eighteenth-century artifacts. While it was obviously pointless to count the number of fragments found, a rough estimate produced a figure of 200,000—not including animal bones, nails, bottle glass, or shells.

In order to make this report more readily usable, it was decided to divide the whole into several parts. The first dealing with the contents of the two wells is already completed. This, the second part, was originally intended to cover the remainder of the ceramics and glass, but its size made a further subdivision necessary. Therefore, Volume II, Part 2 will deal only with delftware (both English and Continental) and white saltglaze together with the related Littler's Blue and Shaw wares. Because of the need to minimize the number of photographs it was necessary to add a few lead-glazed items to the last plate. Volume II, Part 3 will be devoted to the remaining ceramics and glass as well as the clay tobacco pipes and wig curlers. Part 4 will deal with the small finds and iron objects.

Each fragment has been given a tentative date before which it could not have entered the ground. This does not mean that it was deposited at that date, but only anytime thereafter. No attempt has been made to put a date of manufacture to each sherd but the reader is referred, where possible, to dated items of comparable shape or decoration. Items stated to have come from disturbed deposits had been uprooted from their original resting place in the course of the long life of the site.

All items are assumed to be of British origin unless otherwise noted.

For readers interested in the stratigraphic association of objects a complete listing will be found at the end of Part 3.

Fig. 1 Delftware, plates

Figure 1. Delftware, Plates

• 1.

  Fragments of two plates with identical designs though of different sizes. The base is recessed within the foot, the bowl shallow and the rim slopes upward. The latter is edged with iron oxide, on the underside of both rim and bowl is a version of the prunus blossom scroll in blue (see sherd at right). The pale blue central design depicts an Oriental figure (sex uncertain) standing before a fence behind which is a small one-story building. The bowl has alternating areas of diaper pattern and a cartouche containing a floral motif. The rim has a trailing floral design also in a pale blue. Fragments of four additional plates of this shape and decoration were found, at least three sizes being represented. A portion of yet another comparable plate was recovered from the Charlton lot, [3584. E.R. 1053D, 1157G-9.N.].

  Date of deposit:	post 1760.
  Left hand fragment:	3582. E.R. 1165G-9.N.
  Upper right hand fragment:	5383a. E.R. 1125J,1130E-9.N.
  Lower right hand fragment:	5383b. E.R. 1125J,1130E-9.N.

• 2.

  Fragment of plate, the base recessed inside the foot, the design printed in an unusually dark blue. The central zone, only a small portion of which survives, appears to be floral and Oriental in character, the bowl has alternating diaper panels and a floral cartouche while the rim appears to be undecorated except for a herringbone style band at the edge. A plate with many similar features has been attributed to the pottery of Joseph Flower in Bristol, 1741-1785, see Pountney, plate XL.

  Date of deposit: post 1770.
  3585. E.R. 1165E-9.N.

• 3.

  Section of plate, the base recessed within the foot and the body buff. The rim is decorated in bright blue with a diaper shell-shaped area, from each side of which a trailing piece of foliage sweeps around in an arc.¹ The central zone (enclosed by two lines) appears to have a floral motif, paler in color than the rim decoration. An edge fragment of another plate of similar decoration but of large size was found in a deposit made post 1770 [3587. E.R. 1049K-9.N.].

  Date of deposit: post 1780.
  3586. E.R. 1114C-9.P.

• 4.

  Two fragments of a large plate with pink-buff body, the base recessed within a footring and with an outward curve on the back just below the junction of the bowl and rim. On this curve, widely spaced, are a pair of vertical lines and a diagonal cross. The whole upper surface of the plate is ornamented with a floral pattern against a dark blue background added after the leaves and petals had been sketched in. The marks on the reverse occur more frequently on known Bristol pieces than on the products of other areas. A rim fragment of a similarly sized and decorated plate was found during excavations at the Brush-Gilmer site in 1966 in a disturbed deposit, [3807. E.R. 1265D-29.E.].

  Date of deposit:	post 1770.
  Rim fragment:	3588a. E.R. 1123E-9.N.
  Body fragment:	3588b. E.R. 1123E,1148L-9.N.

• 5.

  Section of plate, the body buff and the base recessed within a footring. The bowl is shallow and the rim slopes upward quite sharply. The decoration is painted in cobalt with a design of sponged trees on a patchy ground, the design covers the entire plate and is enclosed by a single line very close to the rim. Garner(plates 77A and 78) depicts similar plates tentatively attributing them to the Lambeth area and to the period c.1760.

  Date of deposit: post 1780.
  3589. E.R. 1020D-9.N.

• 6.

  Fragment of bowl of plate, buff body, plain on the underside and decorated in cobalt on the upper surface with a Chinese scroll design apparently alternating with plain zones from which it is separated by a double line. For an octagonal plate incorporating a similar design, see Garner (plate 57A) attributed to "Bristol, About 1750."

  Date of deposit: post 1775.
  3590. E.R. 1148F-9.N.

• 7.

  Fragment of large thick plate with cobalt painted design extending almost to the rim. This appears to be oriental in character with fronded-bushes in a dark tone on a paler background. The latter contains irregular lines of dots in the darker shade and a larger dark rock. Similar rows of dots appear on another orientally-inspired plate of about 1760, see Garner, plate 59A, where it is attributed to the Bristol area in "about 1760."

  Date of deposit: c.1760.
  3590. E.R. 1114M-9.P.

• 8.

  Fragment of plate with buff body, slightly pinkish glaze, plain on the underside with a band of stylized floral and perhaps orientally-inspired cobalt decoration at the rim and separated from the rest of the plate by two lines. Base fragments which appear to belong to this rim bear a cobalt painted "wasp" and a floral motif but it has been impossible to reconstruct the original design. Other fragments of this or identical plates were found in an adjacent area. [E.R. 1048-9.N., 115B-9.N. and E.R. 1115J-9.N.].

  Date of deposit: c.1765.
  3592. E.R. 1049C-9.N.

• 9.

  Section of plate with fiat base, the body buff and the rim sloping sharply upwards. The latter and the underside are plain while the central area of the plate, (enclosed by a series of cobalt-painted swags) has a similarly colored design only a small portion of which remains. Fragments of four other plates with similar designs were found on the site, [3594. E.R. 1115C-9.N. 3595. E.R. 1030F-9.N. 3596. E.R. 1011E-9.N., 3597. E.R. 1011B-9.N., 3611. E.R. 1047E-9.N.] in deposits made post 1750 in the first three examples and post 1810 and 1770 in the last two. Fragments of two other plates decorated in this manner were found on the Charlton site, [3601. E.R.1152P-9.P. and 3503. E.R. 1114G-9.P.] in deposits made post 1765 and 1785 respectively. A fragment of a plate with a similar central design but with an elaborately decorated rim was found at Lambeth in an unstratified deposit but in association with saggers, kiln furniture and wasters, see F.H. Garner "Lambeth Earthenware." Transactions of the English Ceramic Circle, No. 4, 1937, plate XIIa. A base fragment of a plate excavated at the site of the Pasteur-Galt storehouse on Duke of Gloucester Street has the same circle of swags but encloses an ornate design, possible floral, the whole executed in a rich blue [3633-17.J.2.] . A base fragment of a similarly decorated plate was found at the James Geddy site [3790. E.R. 138OK-19.B.] where it was discarded c.1755-1760. Another fragment with the wavy encircling motif was found in the same deposit.

  Date of deposit: post 1755.
  3593. E.R. 1149K-9.P.

• 10.

  Two sherds of plate with sloping sides and only a slight ridge at junction of bowl and rim, plain underside and buff body. The rim has a solid band at the edge and below this a single line. The main design consists of a solid semi-circle from the center of which hangs a pendent floral motif with trailing fronds flowing both towards the central area and to either side. Lines radiate from the solid zones and beside each corner is a group of graduated bull-rushes. This motif alternates with a small floral design. Other sherds of this plate were found in [E.R. 1004K-9.N., 1032P-9.N.] (deposits made post 1750) and one fragment found in the filling of a modern post hole [E.R.1030P-9.N.].

  Date of deposit: post 1750.
  3599. E.R. 1031H-9.N.

• 11.

  Section of deep plate with flat base, the body buff and the underside plain. The rim is decorated in cobalt with a figure-of-eight pattern of alternate small and large loops, the whole enclosed by a blue line. Two more blue lines are drawn at the top and bottom of the bowl while a further pair of lines enclose an unidentifiable central design. A small fragment from this deposit having the same pinkish tone to the glaze as the photographed fragment and the same body color depicts the eye of a creature possibly a bird or a dolphin. A similarly decorated sherd was found in Lambeth in unstratified deposits but in association with saggers, kiln furniture and wasters, see F.H. Garner, "Lambeth Earthenware," Transactions of the English Ceramic Circle, No. 4, 1937, plate XIIa.

  Date of deposit: post 1750.
  3600. E.R. 1118R-9.N.

• 12.

  Section of small, flat based plate, the body apricot and the glaze extremely blue in tone. The underside is plain, the rim decoration in blue and red consisting of a series of shallow swags, the junction point of which is surmounted by a trio of square brush marks. The swags have smaller swags at intervals both above and below. There is an unidentifiable device in the center.

  Date of deposit: post 1755,
  3602. E.R. 1117D-9.P.

• 13.

  Sherd of plate with flat base, buff body and upward sloping rim. The latter is decorated in blue with a series of wide swags which come together close to the rim at which point another swag is painted over the junction and from its center hangs a group of three lines. In the spaces between the three swags is a single dot. In the center of each wide swag is a group of lines radiating from a point on the rim. Fragments of four other plates with this decoration were found on the Wetherburn site (3504. E.R. 1165G-9.N., 3605. E.R. 1011A-9.N., 3606. E.R. 1108D-9.N., 3607. E.R. 1030N-9.N., 3608. E.R. 1040G-9.N. in deposits post 1765, 1770, 1750, 1780, 1780 respectively] and two others from the Charlton site [3609. E.R. 1114G, 1116 and 1116C-9.P., and 3160. E.R. 1114C, 1114G-9.P.] in deposits made post 1785.

  A similarly decorated sherd except for the pendent lines on the small swag was found in an unstratified deposit of kiln furniture, saggers, and wasters in the Lambeth area. See F.H. Garner, "Lambeth Earthenware", Transactions of the English Ceramic Circle, Vol. 4, 1937, plate XIIa.

  Date of deposit: post 1750.
  3804. E.R. 1114M-9.P.

Fig. 2 Delftware, plates

Figure 2. Delftware, Plates

• 1.

  Rim and base fragments of a shallow plate with flat base and only a slight ridge at the junction of bowl and rim. The center of the plate has an Oriental-style scene enclosed by two lines while the rim and bowl are covered by oval cartouches containing a floral motif, the spaces between being filled by a solid semi-circle and radiating lines, all the decoration being in a bright blue. The underside is plain and the body buff. Three fragments of a plate with a similarly decorated rim was found in the mid filling of the well¹ (3613. E.R. 1134Y & 1135A-9.N.], another fragment was found close to the first west porch [3614. E.R. 1004X-9.N.]. Other fragments possibly associated with this plate were found close by in [E.R. 1047M-9.N., E.R. 1115J-9.N. and E.R. 1141W-9.N.].

  Date of deposit:	post 1770.
  Rim fragment:	3612b. E.R. 1048H-9.N.
  Center fragment:	3612a. E.R. 1048H, 1045C-9.N.

• 2.

  Portion of plate with base recessed within the foot, buff body and plain back. The decoration includes the use of the square brush stroke for leaves of different shades of blue and areas of sgraffito work. Two further fragments of this plate were found close by in [E.R. 1168 E-9.N. and E R. 1011L-9.N.]. Three other plates with similar designs were found on the site [3618. E.R. 1036C-9.N., 3619. E.R. 1019D, 1029A-9.N., 3620. E.R. 1115D-9.N.].

  Disturbed deposit.
  3617. E.R. 1125 & 1125C & 1137-9.N.

• 3.

  Section of plate with plain, curving back, flat base. The cobalt decoration is in a wide band covering rim, bowl and some of the bottom with stylized flowers in the square brush strokes technique. The center is filled with a similar design enclosed by two lines. The fragments illustrated are from a disturbed area but three additional sherds apparently from the same plate were found in a deposit made post 1750 [3621b,c & d. E.R. 1029F-9.N.]. A fragment from a similar plate was found elsewhere on the site [3622. E.R. 1014A-9.N.] in association with a Turlington's Balsam bottle fragment.¹ This fragment comes from a similar bottle to Fig. 3, No. 1, which bears the date 1750 and which was superseded by another design in 1754. Two other sherds from the site were found in [E.R. 1020G-9.N. and E.R. 1119M-9.N.] in deposits made post 1750 in each case.

  Date of deposit: post 1750.
  3621e. E.R. 1039J & 1040-9.N.

• 4.

  Base fragment of plate with flat base and plain back. The center of the plate is decorated with a floral design using the square brush stroke technique, surrounded by a double circle and another outer solid blue area.

  Date of deposit: post 1750.
  3623. E.R. 1029F-9.N.

• 5.

  Two rim sherds of a plate with flat base, plain back. The decoration consists of a central design (character unknown) enclosed by two lines and surrounded by a wide band of floral "sprays" with groups of dots, either three or four in number. There is a wide blue band close to the rim.

  Date of deposit:	post 1750.
  Rim fragment:	3624a. E.R. 1115C-9.N.
  Base fragment:	3624b. E.R. 1115J-9.N.

• 6.

  Small fragment of base or rim of thick plate, the back plain and the front decorated with a fish in blue, only the central part being present.

  Date of deposit: post 1745.
  3625. E.R. 1115D-9.N.

• 7.

  Fragment of large dish, the base recessed within a "U" section foot. The back above the foot is decorated with a design possibly the two vertical strokes characteristic of the Bristol area potteries. The character of the decoration is uncertain but might be part of the body of a fish.

  From disturbed deposit.
  3626. E.R. 1030C-9.N.

• 8 & 9.

  Fragments of plate (later found to join together), plain on the back, decorated on the front with sponged manganese and a fish in reverse also with a portion of a blue-outlined reserve cartouche.

  Date of deposit: post 1780.
  3627. E.R. 1114C-9.P.

• 10.

  Rim sherd of plate, plain on the back and decorated on the front with an extremely poorly painted design of alternating large and small shield-like devices pendent from a single line. A rim sherd of a plate with a design identical in design and execution was found during landscaping operations behind the Nicolson Shop in May 1967 [3720-17.J.].

  Date of deposit: post 1780.
  3628. E.R. 1017B-9.N.

• 11.

  Sherd of thick plate, plain on the back. Only a small portion of the rim design is present consisting of a cartouche enclosed by thick and thin lines containing a floral spray.

  Date of deposit: post 1775.
  3629. E.R. 1112C-9.P.

• 12.

  Portion of thick plate, the base recessed within the foot, the back plain. The rim and the center area decorated in blue with a floral motif, the blossoms and leaves described with extremely fine lines, a thicker brush was used for the leaves, and for the infilling of the petals. Three other fragments were found in the same area and another slightly to the north in E.R. 1116B-9.N.

  Date of deposit: post 1780.
  3629. E.R. 1114H-9.P.

• 13.

  Portion of plate with flat base, buff body and bluish tone to the glaze. The decoration consists of two concentric manganese circles enclosed on the outside by a series of spade-like cobalt strokes and on the inside by commas with the bulbous end towards the plate's center. This plate is probably from the same factory as No. 14 which lacks the interior "commas". A plate with a plain rim, the same circular design and with an inscription in the center containing the date 1734 was illustrated in the Connoisseur, November, 1908.

  Date of deposit: post 1760.
  3630. E.R. 1165T & 1165Z-9.N.

• 14.

  Portion of plate with buff body and flat base and. bluish tone to the glaze. The center decoration is identical in coloring and style to No. 13, but the inner row of "commas" is missing. There is a small portion of a central design possibly a flower or a star and the rim has a design of indeterminate character. Another fragment of this design was found due east of the kitchen in a disturbed area, [E.R. 1108-9.N.]. Two sherds of a plate which could be similar either to No. 13 or No. 14 were found in the Charlton smokehouse area [E.R. 1114C-9.P.] in a deposit made post 1780.

  Date of deposit: post 1785.
  3631. E.R. 1017B-9.N.

• 15.

  Section of deep dish, buff-apricot body, bluish tone to the glaze and the base recessed within the foot. The sides slope gently outwards and the narrow rim inclines upward. There is a prunus-type scroll on the back below the rim, the front of which is decorated in cobalt with various oriental devices. Four concentric lines enclose a central chinoiserie scene.

  Date of deposit: post 1770.
  3632. E.R. 1018B-9.N.

• 16.

  Base fragment of large platter or dish, a blue-green cast to the glaze and a wedge-sectioned foot within which the base is recessed. The back is plain. The central floral design is outlined in brick-red, the leaves being filled with green, the larger flower at the bottom has alternative green and yellow "petals", the small flower to its right is filled with blue, the pair above are red with yellow sheaths. This design is enclosed by a band consisting of two blue lines infilled with alternating green and a plain zone filled with a red "scroll".

  Date of deposit: post 1755.
  3634. E.R. 1029E-9.N.

• 17.

  Base fragment of platter or dish, blue cast to the glaze and plain back. Decorated on the front with a floral design including blue stalks, green leaves and yellow flowers, the two latter having dark purple "veining". The brown and blue areas are under the glaze but the yellow on both leaves and flowers is applied over the glaze to form the "Fazackerly palette" used by Liverpool potters in the middle of the eighteenth century.

  Disturbed deposit.
  3635. E.R. 1015-9.N.

• 18.

  Rim portion of bowl or basin, the body pale apricot in color with the glaze having a bluish cast. The design (entirely in purple) is perhaps similar to the brick pillar shown on a plate attributed to "Lambeth, about 1760" see Garner, plate 78.

  Disturbed deposit.
  3636. E.R. 1108

Fig. 3 Delftware, bowls

Fig. 4 Delftware, bowls

Figure 4. Delftware, Bowls

• 1.

  Fragment of bowl, the body pale apricot, the glaze with a pinkish cast. The interior is undecorated. The exterior design consists of a double blue band above which is a design of flowing lines in a brick-red, an inadequate amount of color being used leaving the brush strokes clearly visible. The red is applied over the blue lines, above this is a green leaf (?) which has been applied over a blue stalk. A bowl with a similar decoration and an additional yellow band above the foot was found at the James Geddy House in a deposit made c.1760 [3640. E.R. 987C, 987M-19.B.]. Another fragment was excavated at the Ravenscroft Site in a deposit made at least ten years later [3810-28.F.8.].

  Date of deposit: post 1760.
  3641. E.R. 1123E-9.N.

• 2.

  Fragment of bowl with sharply everted rim, pale buff body, plain exterior. The sides of the bowl are decorated with a series of irregularly spaced blue lines. Immediately below the rim, enclosed by green lines, is a band of blue crossing swags, looping the top and bottom lines and forming alternate diamonds and ovals. There is a single blue line above the upper green line.

  Date of deposit: post 1760.
  3642. E.R. 1141L-9.N.

• 3.

  Four fragments of bowl with everted, frilled rim sloping sides, buff body, off-white glaze and plain exterior. The center of the bowl is decorated with a floral spray in blue, red and green (the colors being applied in that order). This is enclosed by two blue lines closely spaced and another blue line at a greater distance. Above the latter is a band of pale yellow-green diamonds and blue lines in the reverse order to the lower group. The rim has a repeating pattern of a blue leaf and four red lines. Twelve other fragments of this bowl were found scattered widely over the area round the kitchen and three fragments were recovered from the Charlton lot [E.R. 1155R-9.P.]. An identically decorated but slightly larger bowl was found at the George Reid House site [2590. E.R. 686E-11.E.] in a context of the 1730's, see Reid, Figure 33, No. 2. Another bowl of this type but with more elaborate body decoration was found on the Anthony Hay site [2591.E.R. 243L-28.D.] in a mid-eighteenth century deposit. Another fragment was found at the Semple House [2591-2.B.] but no details of its stratification are in existence.

  Extant bowls of this type bear portraits of George I (1714-1720), the Duke of Ormonde who died in 1745, (see Rackham, Glaisher, Nos. 1633 and 1692) and Queen Anne (d.1714) in the collection of the Victoria and Albert Museum.

  Date of deposit:	post 1765.
  Upper left hand fragment:	3642a. E.R. 1108E, 1108F-9.N.
  Upper right hand fragment:	3642b. E.R. 1014F-9.N.
  Lower left hand fragment:	3642c. E.R. 1155R-9.N.
  Lower right hand fragment:	3642b. E.R. 1108E-9.N.

• 4.

  Rim and base fragment of bowl with tall footring within which the base is recessed. The exterior is decorated with a floral design in the "Fazackerly" palette the veining of the flowers and leaves being drawn in dark purple. The other colors employed are pale purple, dark green, and brick red. There is a small portion of a green leaf in the center of the bowl.

  Disturbed deposit.
  Rim fragment:	3645b. E.R. 1047A-9.N.
  Base fragment:	3645a. E.R. 1047A, 1047B-9.N.

• 5 & 6.

  Three fragments of small bowl, the interior plain except for two blue lines below the rim. The exterior is covered with powdered manganese and a blue-painted fish in reserve, there is a plain band at the rim. A similarly sized bowl probably decorated by the same hand was found at the George Reid House [2593. E.R. 663N, 723A-1l.E.] in a mid-eighteenth century deposit.

  Further fragments of this bowl were found elsewhere on the site [E.R. 1011K-9.N., E.R. 1012E-9.N., E.R.1029G-9.N.].

  Date of deposit:	post 1750.
  	3645. E.R. 1011J, 1012K, 1030A-9.N.
  Upper left hand fragment:	3646a. E.R. 1011K, 1030S-9.N.
  Upper right hand fragment:	3646b. E.R. 1012J-9.N.
  Lower fragment:	3646c. E.R. 1011K-9.N.

• 7.

  Fragment of bowl, yellow-buff body decorated with powdered manganese on the outside and with blue swags and "petals" on the inside.

  Date of deposit: post 1765.
  3648. E.R. 1165T-9.N.

• 8.

  Portion of small bowl, pale buff body, undecorated on the inside except for a trailing green foliage design similar to the prunus-motif often employed by some Bristol potters on the backs of plates and bowls. The rim has been painted with yellow after powdered manganese was applied to the outside of the bowl.

  Disturbed deposit.
  3647. E.R. 1054B-9.N.

• 9.

  Rim sherd of bowl with yellow-buff body, undecorated on the interior. Below the exterior rim are a series of diagonally sloped blue ovals joined to each other at top and bottom within a pair of blue lines. Another unillustrated fragment [E.R. 1027F-9.N] shows that the manganese which covers most of the body ceases close to the base. The quality of the painting and glazing is extremely poor, the interior glaze is a grey-blue. A rim with a similar decoration but with clearer definition and a purple line enclosing the blue design was found in the adjoining square, [E.R. 1066T-9.N.].

  Date of deposit: post 1765.
  3649. E.R. 1027D-9.N.

• 10.

  Rim, body, and base fragment of bowl, buff body, bluish glaze and small foot within which the base is recessed. The interior is plain except for two purple lines in the base and one below the rim. The exterior is decorated with a floral design with purple outlining, pale blue infilling and occasional use of a deeper blue. It also includes a fence and gatepost though the running of the design during firing makes identification difficult. A single purple line separates the decoration from the lower portion of the bowl. The rim fragment excavated on the Charlton lot is part of a similarly decorated bowl. The base and the illustrated body fragment were found on the Wetherburn lot together with several other body sherds [E.R. 1165G-9.N., E.R. 1165V-9.N., and E.R. 1141L-9.N.].

  Date of deposit:	post 1760.
  Upper left hand fragment:	3650. E.R. 1170G & 1147R-9.P.
  Upper right hand fragment:	3651b. E.R. 1020K-9.N.
  Lower fragment:	3651a. 1165B, 1165G, & 1165V-9.N.

• 11.

  Rim sherd of large bowl with buff body and off-white glaze. The interior has a single purple line approximately three quarters of an inch below the rim and two more in the bottom of the bowl. This is shown on a non-illustrated fragment from the same area, [3652b. E.R. 1146Z-9.P.]. The exterior is decorated with a floral design, the flowers being outlined in purple and infilled with blue, the stalks being purple. On associated fragments [3652b. E.R. 1146Z-9.P. and 3652c. E.R. 1146Q-9.P.], it can be seen that the decoration also includes a fence and gatepost design similar to that on Figure 4, No. 10.

  Date of deposit: post 1810.
  3652. E.R. 1146J-9.P.

• 12.

  Rim fragment of bowl, plain on interior, pale buff body and bluish tinge to glaze. The exterior consists of a purple shield-like device, hatched in purple and with blue dots in the resulting spaces from which purple stalks sweep off with blue leaves in groups astride them. This design is similar to the blue painted bowl in Figure 3, lower left and the plate fragment in Figure 1, No. 3.

  Date of deposit: post 1760.
  3653. E.R. 1116C, 1117D-9.p.

• 13.

  Rim sherd of small bowl, buff body and greyish glaze. The interior is plain while the exterior decoration consists of a thin purple line surmounting a blue line of swags close to the rim. Below this is a plain zone, two purple lines and a band of diaper pattern in blue and purple.

  Date of deposit: post 1810.
  3654. E.R. 1115E-9.N.

• 14.

  Fragment of base of bowl, buff body with tall foot within the base is recessed, greyish tinge to glaze. There is a single purple circle in the center of the base. On the exterior on the portion of the bowl above the foot is a double purple line surmounted by a row of swags painted in blue.

  Date of deposit: post 1750.
  3655. E.R. 1030E-9.N.

• 15.

  Section of thin bowl with tall foot within which the base is recessed, yellow body and grey-pink tinge to the glaze. The internal decoration consists of an unidentifiable design in the center of the base (probably floral) and groups of four dots at intervals in a band around the center of the sides. The exterior design (in blue as is the interior decoration) incorporates the square brush stroke and sgraffito techniques as well as the mimosa motif. There is a solid blue band around the foot.

  Date of deposit: post 1730.
  3656. E.R. 10281 & 10291 & 1034C-9.N.

• 16.

  Portion of bowl (base missing) pale yellow-buff body, pinkish tinge, no glaze, plain on the inside except for single blue line around middle of sides. Exterior decoration (also in blue) is crudely painted and irregularly arranged.

  Date of deposit: post 1740.
  3657. E.R. 1001E & 1001G & 1115J-9.N.

• 17.

  Body fragment of thick bowl, yellow-buff body, pinkish tinge to glaze, plain on interior. The exterior decoration in a pale blue, consists of oval panels each containing a floral motif, the spaces between filled with a feather-like device. Another fragment was found in the adjoining square [E.R. 1121Y-9.N.]. A similar design appears on a plate dated 1734, see Ray No. 50, plate 16.

  Date of deposit: post 1750.
  3658. E.R. 1118R-9.N.

• 18.

  Fragment of large punch bowl, buff body, pinkish tinge to the glaze which is absent on the interior. The design, painted in a rich blue appears to show a peacock's tail above some rocks.

  Date of deposit:
  3659. E.R. 1124Q-9.N.

• 19.

  Base of small bowl, pale buff body, slightly pinkish glaze, square-cut foot rim within which the base is recessed. The exterior decoration (in blue) is impossible to identify, the interior has a design seen frequently on plate rims and bowl centers and apparently of Oriental origin.

  Unstratified.
  3660. E.R. 1070-9.N.

• 20.

  Rim sherd of large punch bowl with brown edge, pale buff body, bluish tinge to glaze. The interior has two pale blue concentric circles approximately halfway up the sides. The exterior decoration in a pale royal blue consists of a number of scroll-like lines and circles pendent from a line below the rim.

  Date of deposit: post 1740.
  3661. E.R. 1001E-9.N.

• 21.

  Fragment of large punch bowl, with buff body, pinkish tinge to the glaze and plain on the interior except for two concentric blue lines apparently in the region of the rim. The exterior decoration shows a pendent device with curling tendrils and leaves. Further fragments of this bowl were found in strata E.R. 1128A-9.N.

  Date of deposit: post 1785.
  3662. E.R. 1128D-9.N.

Fig. 5 Delftware, bowls

Figure 5. Delftware, Bowls

• Two fragments (since joined) of a large punch bowl with hemispherical sides, square cut foot ring within which the base is recessed. The body is buff-yellow and the glaze has a bluish cast. The exterior has an overall dark blue floral design. In the interior is a large hand-lettered inscription, the remaining portions including the word "one" and immediately below it an "m", probably "One bowl more and then."

  Disturbed deposits.
  3663. E.R. 1014F & 1017B-9.N.

• Base of chamber pot with small broad foot within which the base is slightly recessed. The body is yellow-buff, the glaze has a grey-blue tinge and the interior is undecorated. The exterior has a dark blue design of trailing fronds and leaves.

  Date of deposit: post 1750.
  3664. E.R. 1108E-9.N.

• Portion of thin bowl with buff body, off-white glaze, plain on interior and with blue floral design on exterior. The decoration of this bowl is similar in character and execution to No. 5.

  Disturbed deposit.
  3666. E.R. 1042-9.N.

• Rim and body fragment of globular bowl, the body is buff-apricot, the glaze blue-white and the interior is plain. The exterior is covered with a dark blue floral design including unusually thick swags from which leaves emerge. There are similarities in the decoration of this bowl and No. 4, however the latter is larger and the sides less curved.

  Disturbed deposit.
  3667. E.R. 1047A & 1047B-9.N.

• Portion of punch bowl, yellow body, pinkish tinge to the glaze, plain on the interior except for a group of four blue dots. Exterior decorations (blue) of concentric lines above a wide band surmounted by a double-loop handled vase of flowers flanked by a diamond of cross-hatching. For a similar bowl but painted in red, blue, yellow and green, see Rackham, Glaisher, plate 124C, No. 1694, page 210. This is attributed to the Bristol factory of John Niglett about 1730. However, a handled cup in the Chorley Collection (Antiques, Vol. LXXXVII, No. 2, February 1965, page 183) bears a similar device and is attributed to the Lambeth area "c.1700" although the shape of the cup would suggest a later date.

  Date of deposit: post 1760.
  3668. E.R. 1123E-9.N.

• Portion of bowl, buff yellow body, grey-blue and plain interior. The exterior is decorated in a dark blue with a floral design.

  Date of deposit: post 1755.
  3665. E.R. 1042A-9.N.

• Rim portion of bowl, with buff-yellow body, blue-grey glaze, and plain on interior. The exterior is decorated in blue with a pseudo-oriental design of tree, flowers, and rock. Fragments of a bowl of similar size, shape and decoration were found in each of the two wells on the James Geddy site, one of which was abandoned c.1765 13788. E.R. 1340V, 1360A, B-19.B.]. The same site yielded fragments of another such bowl of slightly larger dimensions [3789. E.R. 1324V-19.B.].

  Date of deposit: Disturbed.
  3669. E.R. 1017B-9.N.

• Small rim fragment of punch bowl, yellow-apricot body, grey-blue glaze and plain interior. The external pale blue decoration appears to consist of wide brush strokes applied diagonally and ending irregularly.

  Date of deposit: post 1755.
  3670. E.R. 1054D-9.N.

• Rim sherd of bowl with buff body, off-white glaze and two concentric blue circles close to the interior of the rim. The exterior has a poorly painted blue design of oriental character including a pagoda and rocks.

  Date of deposit: post 1780.
  3671. E.R. 1123F-9.N.

• Portion of thick bowl with flaring sides, pale apricot body, bluish tinge to glaze and plain interior. The exterior is decorated in blue with an oriental landscape, the design outlined and infilled.

  Disturbed deposit.
  3672. E.R. 1017B-9.N.

• Rim fragment of small bowl, pale buff body, pinkish tinge to the glaze and plain interior. The exterior has an oriental scene of a pagoda enclosed in a cartouche, the whole painted in a medium blue.

  Disturbed deposit.
  3673. E.R. 1017-9.N.

• Portion of bowl with pale buff body, grey-blue tinge to the white glaze, plain on interior and with oriental scene including male figure and flower painted in a weak blue on the exterior.

  Disturbed deposit.
  3674. E.R. 1064-9.N.

• Base of large punch bowl, the body pale yellow, the glaze unusually white. The interior is plain except for two concentric rings at the bottom of the sides. The foot is tall and thin with the base recessed within it. Two concentric blue lines separate the plain lower portion of the body from the main external decoration. The latter appears to comprise a row of scrolls above which is a design of curling tendrils, the whole painted in a bright blue. A fragment of a smaller but identically decorated bowl was found elsewhere on the site [E.R. 1011K-9.N.] in a deposit made c.1750; another fragment was found on the Charlton site [E.R. 1114C-9.P.].

  Date of deposit: post 1770.
  3675. E.R. 1127B-9.N.

• Rim fragment of wash bowl with flaring sides, buff body and grey-blue cast to the white glaze. The exterior is plain while below the rim is a dark blue horizontal stylized floral spray, painted thickly.

  Date of deposit: post 1785.
  3676. E.R. 1114C-9.N.

Fig. 6 Delftware, various

Figure 6. Delftware, various

• 1.

  Base fragment of large punch bowl, buff body, thin wedge-sectioned foot ring and bluish tone to the glaze. The exterior decoration (in cobalt) is an Oriental landscape. In the center of the bowl appears the printed word "one" followed by a capital letter which is either "B" or "D". This probably read "One Bowl More and Then" a familiar inscription on bowls of this size and use. Another bowl with the same inscription is shown in Fig. 5, Nos. 1 and 3. A bowl bearing the same inscription, also with a floral design on the exterior and dated 1755 is referred to in Hodgkin, p. 126, and illustrated with two other examples in Pountney, plate XI.

  Date of deposit: post 1775.
  3678. E.R. 1036D-9.N.

• 2.

  Portion of bowl, pale buff body, plain rim, exterior decorated with a landscape in blue. The interior has an inscription, only part of which remains, and which reads " ... ill".

  Disturbed deposit.
  3678. E.R. 1009-9.N.

• 3.

  Base of bowl with thick wedge-sectioned foot ring, pale yellow body. The exterior is undecorated but there is a cobalt inscription in the center of the bowl, only portions of which remain. On one line is "ll u th" and below "wl to...". A possible reading of the beginning could be "Fill up the bowl" but the end must remain a mystery.

  Date of deposit: post 1755.
  3679. E.R. 1011D & 1011E & 1011J-9.N.

• 4.

  Base, rim and handle fragments of cylindrical tankard with buff body, bluish cast to the glaze. The flat base is recessed within a curved foot; between two cordons the body shelves inwards and is decorated with a diaper band, the whole being surmounted by another cordon. The main body zone is undecorated but there is another diaper band below the rim and above the upper handle junction. The strap handle is slightly dished longitudinally and bears a cobalt decoration of alternating three horizontal lines and an eye-like motif. A puzzle jug with a similarly decorated handle in Garner, plate 52, is said to be "Liverpool about 1750." Fragments of two more tankards of this type and with identical decoration were found in this deposit along with No. 8.

  Date of deposit:	post 1755.
  Rim fragment:	3680b. E.R. 165G-9.N.
  Handle:	3680a. E.R. 1165G-9.N.
  Base:	3680c. E.R. 1158G-9.N.

• 5.

  Base fragment of cylindrical tankard, the body buff, the base recessed within a wide foot. The flaring foot has a groove around it, the body is waisted above it and then above three blue lines is a single cordon. This fragment is almost certainly associated with No. 7 and possibly with Nos. 6 and 9.

  Date of deposit: post 1780.
  3681. E.R. 1149-9.P.

• 6.

  Body fragment of cylindrical tankard, buff body and bluish cast to glaze. The interior is plain while the exterior has a daisy-type flower crudely painted in blue. This fragment is possibly associated with Nos. 5, 7 and 9.

  Date of deposit: post 1780.
  3682. E.R. 1114C-9.P.

• 7.

  Lower body fragment of tankard with exterior cordon above which is a blue spray of leaves. This fragment is associated with No. 5 and possibly with Nos. 6 and 9.

  Date of deposit: post 1800.
  3683. E.R. 1116B-9.P.

• 8.

  Base fragment of tankard, the foot spreading and ridged, the body waisted above the foot and with two cordons. The interior is plain, the base recessed within the foot, the body buff and the exterior decorated with narrow and wide blue bands and a zone of "basket weave" design. This fragment was found in association with No. 4 and with sherds of two other tankards similarly decorated to No. 4.

  Date of deposit: post 1755.
  3684. E.R. 1165G-9.N.

• 9.

  Rim and upper portion of small tankard, pale buff body, bluish cast to glaze, plain interior. The main portion of the body is decorated with a floral design similar in color and style to Nos. 5, 6 and 7.

  Date of deposit: post 1755.
  3685. E.R. 1126D-9.N.

• 10.

  Base fragment of small cylindrical can, domed base, cordon above foot with four blue concentric lines. The apricot body is covered with a bluish toned glaze.

  Date of deposit: post 1755.
  3686. E.R. 1165G-9.N.

• 11.

  Rim fragment of chamber pot, apricot body and thick blue-white glaze. The exterior is plain while the everted rim has been sponged with blue.

  Disturbed deposit.
  3687. E.R. 1049-9.N.

• 12.

  Fragment of porringer handle with open-work design. The body is pale buff and the glaze has a purplish tinge, no decoration present.

  Date of deposit: post 1785.
  3689. E.R. 1108-9.N.

• 13.

  Fragment of strap handle of chamber pot, dished longitudinally, plain on interior and with exterior horizontal blue stripes.

  Date of deposit: post 1770.
  3688. E.R. 1045B-9.N.

• Items 14 through 26 represent a number of different objects all bearing the same blue design of a trailing vine and interlocking squares. This fact will, therefore, be omitted from the descriptions below. The presence of a bowl of this pattern in the filling of the abortive well (Vol II, Fig. 1, No. 1, 3350. E.R. 1139A-9.N.) together with a Turlington's Balsam bottle not made prior to 1750 and superseded by a new design in 1754 (see Vol. II, Fig. 3, No. 1) gives some guide to the period of use of these items. While no exact parallels can be found for the pattern its general character seems to suggest a Bristol origin. Items bearing the same design found previously in Williamsburg include a platter [ 3722-17.F.] from the William Randolph Lodging, plates [3723-2.G.1. and 3724-2.B.1.] from the Semple and Chiswell houses on Francis Street and a tankard [3725-29.D.] from the lot due north of the Brush Everard House. Another bowl fragment was excavated at the James Geddy House in 1967 from a deposit made about 1765 [3792. E.R. 1322F-19.B.]
• 14 & 15.

  Body and base fragments of bowl similar in size to that shown in Vol. II, Part 1, Fig. 1, No. 1, and also decorated on-the interior with St. George's crosses and eye motif.

  Date of deposit: post 1760.
  3690. E.R. 1147R-9.P.

• 16.

  Rim sherd of slop bowl decorated on interior with single blue line close to the rim.

  Disturbed deposit.
  3691. E.R. 1161-9.P.

• 17.

  Rim sherd of bowl similar in size to No. 16.

  Date of deposit: post 1750.
  3692. E.R. 1155K-9.P.

• 18.

  Rim of bowl smaller in diameter than No. 17.

  Date of deposit: post 1750.
  3693. E.R. 1054G-9.P.

• 19.

  Fragment of straight-sided tankard, plain on interior.

  Date of deposit: post 1750.
  3694. E.R. 1045C-9.P.

• 20.

  Body fragment of small can, plain on interior.

  Date of deposit: post 1785.
  3695. E.R. 1127A-9.N.

• 21.

  Body fragment of tankard with thickening at lower handle terminal. Plain on interior.

  Date of deposit: post 1760.
  3696. E.R. 1043K-9.N.

• 22.

  Body fragment of tea bowl with slightly everted rim, plain on interior.

  Date of deposit: post 1785.
  3697. E.R. 1033A-9.N.

• 23

  Body fragment of small can, plain on interior.

  Date of deposit: post 1750.
  3700. E.R. 1030F-9.N.

• 24.

  Rim fragment of saucer.

  Date of deposit: post 1760.
  3699. E.R. 1069A-9.N.

• 25.

  Small rim fragment of saucer.

  Date of deposit: post 1770.
  3698. E.R. 1045B-9.N.

• 26.

  Base of saucer with small foot, recessed base and plain exterior.

  Date of deposit: post 1750.
  3701. E.R. 1030F-9.N.

Fig. 7 Delftware, cups and saucers

Figure 7. Delftware, Cups and Saucers

• 1.

  Base and rim fragments of small tea bowl, the body buff and the glaze grey in tone with many black specks. The relatively tall foot is wedge-sectioned, the thin rim is everted with a pair of lines around the inside. The decoration is an unusually rich blue. A rim of another tea bowl of this design [3703. E.R. 1122G-9.W.] was found in this deposit and it is impossible to ascertain which belongs to this base.

  Date of deposit: post 1740.
  Base Fragment: 3702a. E.R. 1122G & 1129G-9.N.
  Rim Fragment: 3072b. E.R. 1122E-9.N.

• 2.

  Section of saucer with buff body, pinkish cast to the glaze, plain interior, square-cut foot. The interior has a rich blue decoration identical to that on the tea bowl (Fig. 7, No. 1). An additional fragment shows that the design did not extend to the center of the saucer but was contained within another border similar to the one at the rim. Whether the center was plain or had additional decoration cannot be determined from the existing fragments.

  Date of deposit: post 1740.
  3704. E.R. 1130M & 1130N-9.N.

• 3 & 10.

  Since photography it had been found that these tea bowl fragments join. The rim is sharply everted, the body pale apricot, the glaze has a bluish cast and the decoration is a rich blue.

  Date of deposit: post 1740.
  3705. E.R. 1022G & 1137-9.N.

• 4.

  Fragment of small tea bowl with pale buff body, greyish tinge to the glaze and blue-gray-purple, crudely applied decoration. The rim is slightly everted and the interior is plain. Since photography a further fragment completing the section to the top of the foot has been mended to this piece.

  Date of deposit: post 1750.
  3706. E.R. 1114J 7 1116C-9.P.

• 5.

  Rim sherd of small cup or tea bowl, buff body, straight rim and plain interior. The decoration is deep blue.

  Date of deposit: post 1740.
  3707. E.R. 1010D-9.N.

• 6.

  Small body fragment of cup of tea bowl, apricot body, greyish tinge to the glaze. The solid areas are a deep blue outlined and detailed in red, above the plain area are traces of a floral motif with a green leaf? The interior is plain.

  Date of deposit: post 1730.
  3708. E. R. 1031m-9.N.

• 7.

  Small body fragment of tea bowl or cup, buff body, plain interior, pinkish tinge to the glaze. Exterior decoration consists of blue "plants" with a smaller spray surmounting a red circle between.

  Date of deposit: post 1770.
  3709. E.R. 1179D-9.N.

• 8.

  Rim sherd of small can, pale buff body, plain interior and exterior decoration in a medium blue.

  Date of deposit: post 1770.
  3710. E.R. 101ID-9.N.

• 9.

  Small rim sherd of cup or tea bowl, the body buff, the interior glaze with a pinkish cast. The exterior is decorated in a deep blue with a wavy border of striped circles, the areas between being solid. A larger rim sherd of an identically decorated cup was found at the Teteral Shop and indicates the floral character of the body decoration [3721-18.E.].

  Disturbed deposit.
  3714. E.R. 1018-9.N.

• 10.

  Rim sherd of small cup with buff body, greyish tinged glaze on the interior which is undecorated. The exterior decoration is crudely applied and is a rich blue. English.

  Disturbed deposit.
  3711. E.R. 1006-9.N.

• 12.

  Small body fragment of tea bowl, extremely thin, plain on interior and decorated on exterior with a chinoiserie landscape design which has fired to a French blue.

  Disturbed deposit.
  3712. E.R. 1108-9.N.

• 13.

  Base and lower body fragment of straight sided cup with flaring foot above which it is carinated and then flares more gently. The body is yellow-buff, the glaze with a pink cast and the decoration bright blue but of uncertain character. The interior is plain.

  Disturbed deposit.
  3713. E.R. 1173-9.C.

• 14.

  Section and center portion of saucer, apricot-buff body with greyish-white glaze. The exterior is plain, the base recessed within a wedge-sectioned foot. Additional fragments of this and another identically decorated saucer were found in nearby deposits[E.R. 1115B, 1115J-9.N.] . Sherds of one or more tall cups with identical decoration were found on the Anthony Hay Site in deposits made 1770-1780. Another fragment of a saucer was found at the Prentis House site [ 3815-17.D.5.]

  Date of deposit: post 1775.
  Rim fragment: 3715a. E.R. 3715a. E.R. 1120K-9.W.
  Base fragment: 3715b.E.R. 1115D-9.N.

• 15.

  Section of saucer, pale buff body, bluish cast to glaze, plain on exterior and possibly plain in the central area. Fragment of 4 similar saucers were found on this site [E.R. 1014A, 1020G, 1049B, and 1165G-9.N.]. In the case of the latter fragment the saucer decoration appeared on the tankard [Fig. 6, No. 41 found in the same deposit.

  Date of deposit: post 1770.
  3716. E.R. 1114M-9.P.

• 16.

  16. Section of small shallow saucer, buff-apricot body, bluish cast to glaze, wedge-sectioned foot. The decoration is a rich blue and-includes a motif with the "square brush stroke."

  Date of deposit: post 1730.
  3717. E.R. 1175E-9.N.

• 17.

  Rim sherd of saucer, pale buff body, pink cast to glaze. The decoration in various tones of blue appears to be a geometric design.

  Date of deposit: post 1750.
  3718. E.R. 1116C-9.P.

• 18.

  Section of saucer, with small wedge-sectioned foot, plain back with deep pinkish tone to the glaze. The interior decoration appears to be floral in the center surrounded by a series of pendent shield-like devices.

  Date of deposit: post 1740.
  3719. E.R. 1122G-9.N.

• 19.

  Half base of saucer, pale buff body and blue cast to the glaze on the plain back. The thick base is recessed within the wedge-sectioned foot. The decoration consists of blue leaves and "rocks", purple stalks, yellow-green "berries" and flowers outlined in purple and with yellow centers. A fragment of an identically decorated saucer was found in the filling of a cellar hole at the Post office site in a deposit made post 1760 [2274. E.R. 384A-15.A.].

  Date of deposit: post 1750.
  3726 . E.R. 1008C-9.N.

• 20.

  20. Three fragments of saucers, pale buff body, pinkish tinge to glaze, broad foot and plain back. The design is enclosed by two blue lines and two more blue lines enclose the central area. The cross- hatching is in red and the tiny flowers are similarly outlined and infilled with green. A wide green line encloses the cartouche close to the rim. An identically decorated saucer was found at the Prentis House site [3728-17.D.5]. Probably Bristol.

  Date of deposit:	post 1760.
  Rim fragment:	3727a. E.R. 1141V-9.P. and 1165G-9.N.
  Lower left hand fragment:	3727b. E.R. 1129G-9.N.
  Lower right hand fragment:	3727c. E.R. 1128J-9.N.

• 21.

  For details see Figure 8 No. 11.

Fig. 8. Delftware, various.

Figure 8. Delftware, various

• 1.

  Base fragment of plate, pale buff body, grey cast to glaze and plain back. The front is decorated in a dark red brown with one area infilled with chrome yellow.

  Disturbed deposit.
  3730. E.R. 1014-9.N.

• 2.

  Rim fragment of bowl, plain on interior except for a St. George's cross formed of four dashes approximately a half inch below the rim. The exterior has a band of decoration close to the edge, the enclosing lines being in blue, the rock like mass in brick-red, the fronds in green. English probably Bristol.

  Date of deposit: post 1750.
  3731. E.R. 1001E-9.N.

• 3.

  Sherd of large punch bowl, deep buff body, greyish tinge to the glaze and apparently plain interior. The exterior diaper band decoration is in brick-red and is enclosed by two blue lines. The floral decoration is also in red.

  Date of deposit: post 1780.
  3732. E.R. 1121S-9.N.

• 4.

  Two fragments of a basin, probably with a frilled edge as Fig. 27, No. 3, the sides decorated with a design of blue swags, infilled with brick-red eye-like motifs and with green rounds. For a bowl with a similar style of decoration see Ray, plate 55, upper right, attributed to "Brislington or Bristol c. 1710-1730."

  Date of deposit: post 1745.
  3733. E.R. 1030H-9.N.

• 5.

  Two fragments of bowl, plain on interior with exterior decoration of black-purple lines applied over blue washed areas.

  Date of deposit:	post 1749.
  Upper fragment:	3734b. E.R. 1001H-9.N.
  Lower fragment:	3734a. E.R. 1001E-9.N.

• 6.

  Side fragment of square or triangular sweetmeat dish with slightly everted rim and body incurving to a foot. The back is plain, the inside has a blue line below the rim with a semicircle of radiating lines below it. There is another pendent motif of uncertain character, a thin cross below the line and some unidentifiable design in the bottom.

  Date of deposit: post 1740.
  3739. E.R. 1026C-9.N.

• 7.

  Rim sherd of either small chamber pot or wash basin on whose everted rim are a series of sponged circles of blue. Fragments of similar bowls were found on the Wetherburn site[ E.R. 1020D, E.R. 1022D-9.N.] and at the Tarpley's Store site [E.R. 1192E-9.C.].

  Disturbed deposit.
  3737. E.R. 1161-9.P.

• 8.

  Two fragments of the same or identical fluted bowls, buff body and pinkish cast to the glaze, plain backs and leaf design in blue on interior. The area between the "leaves" is infilled with chevron pattern.

  Disturbed deposit.
  3744. E.R. 1168-9.N.

  Date of deposit: post 1755.
  3745. E.R. 1155R-9.N.

• 9.

  Small curved fragment with yellow-buff body and bluish cast to glaze. The interior is plain, the exterior blue decoration is floral in character. This appears to be a spout fragment from a pitcher but definite identification is not possible.

  Date of deposit: post 1745.
  3746. E.R. 1126D-9.N.

• 10 & 11.

  Rim and base fragments of sweetmeat dish or tray probably lobed or petal shaped. The body is apricot in color, the glaze has a greyish cast, the interior decoration is in blue.

  Date of deposit:	post 1760.
  Rim fragment:	3748a. E.R. 1008F-9.N.
  Body fragment:	3748a. E.R. 1008B-9.N.

• 12.

  Rim sherd of cylindrical trinket pot plain interior, the exterior with wide blue band with scroll-like sgraffito decoration, the character of the body decoration cannot be ascertained.

  Date of deposit: post 1782.
  5656. E.R. 1141N, 1141P-9.N.

• 13.

  13. Small rim sherd of cylindrical vessel probably trinket pot, plain interior. An identically decorated trinket pot (now in the Department of Collections, Colonial Williamsburg) is shown in Garner, plate 47A.

  Disturbed deposit.
  3714. E.R. 1018-9.N.

• 14.

  Base, body and lid fragments of cylindrical trinket box with chinoiserie decoration in blue. A similar but more crudely painted design appears on a delftware tea bowl found in the well at the John Custis house [3920. E.R. 85OX-4.B.]. Although it did not find its way into the well till c.1759 the bowl was made early in the second quarter of the eighteenth century. The flat lid had a central knop. Similar trinket pots are shown in Garner, plates 46B and C and 47A.

  Date of deposit:	post 1750.
  Body fragment:	3735f. E.R. 1121W-9.N.
  Base fragment:	3735j. E.R. 1121Q,S & W, 1151L-9.N.
  Lid fragment:	3735. E.R. 1048D & H-9.N.

• 15.

  Fragment of saucer, square-cut foot, yellow body, plain back. Interior decoration in blue consisting of the same interlocking swags and the dotted circle device as the cup No. 16. A similarly decorated saucer was found in the area of the Prentis House, [3851. 17.D.1.].

  Date of deposit: post 1760.
  3753. E.R. 1007J-9.N.

• 16.

  Lower section and two handles of cup with tall foot within which the base is recessed, on the latter is a blue device resembling a question mark. Immediately above the foot are two blue lines and above this a double blue band of intertwined swags facing opposite ways. The lower handle terminal is at this point and indicates that it was decorated with horizontal blue dashes. Some distance above the swags is a motif of a circle of small dots enclosing a single larger dot. While no interior decoration remains on the cup itself, one of the two handles indicates that a grouping of four dots was used in some way.

  Date of deposit:	post 1760.
  Body fragment:	3741. E.R. 1030D & 1048H-9.N.
  Handle, left:	3741. E.R. 1114M-9.N.
  Handle, right:	3741. E.R. 1126E-9.N.

Fig. 9 Delft drug pots and European wares

Figure 9. Delft Drug Pots and European Wares; Delftware Drug Pots

• 1.

  Delftware ointment pot, bluish glaze, buff body and everted rim. The base is concave within the outward sloping foot. The glaze does not cover three quarters of the foot and only slight traces appear on the base.

  Date of deposit: post 1790.
  3852. E.R. 1053C-9.N.

• 2.

  Delftware ointment pot, pinkish tinge to glaze, everted rim, concave base with a bulbous foot. The glaze has pulled away from the body in patches.

  Date of deposit: post 1770.
  3853. E.R. 1009K-9.N.

• 3.

  Delftware ointment pot similar in shape but slightly larger than No. 1. The foot and recessed base are only partially covered with glaze.

  Date of deposit: post 1770.
  3854. E.R. 1112A-9.N.

• 4.

  Base of delftware jar, waisted above foot and partially glazed concaved base. Apricot body and bluish cast to the glaze.

  Date of deposit: post 1790.
  3855. E.R. 1114B-9.P.

• 5.

  Section of delftware drug pot, cylindrical body waisted above and below. The rim is everted and under-cut on its outer surface. The base slightly concave and unglazed. There is a bluish cast to the glaze, the interior is undecorated, and the outside has two groups of four blue lines above the foot and below the rim.

  Date of deposit: post 1750.
  3856. E.R. 1043E-9.N.

• 6.

  Section of delftware drug pot, cylindrical body waisted above and below. The rim is everted, the base concave within the foot, the interior undecorated. The buff body is covered with a bluish white glaze and the exterior decorated with eight blue bands divided by a zone of diagonal crosses.

  Date of deposit: post 1760.
  3857. E.R. 1123E-9.N.

• 7.

  Portion of delftware drug pot, cylindrical in the body and with only slight traces of the glaze present on the inside. The unglazed exterior has trails of cream-colored paint running downward from the rim.

  Date of deposit: post 1770.
  3858. E.R. 1009M-9.N.

European Wares

• 8.

  Section of large, red-bodied, oval platter of faience with purple-brown lead glaze on outside. The front is covered with a pale blue tin glaze decorated in blue, outlined in black. For a similarly decorated dish see Antiques, Vol.LXXVIII, No. 6, December 1960, page 561.
  Made in Rouen, France.

  Date of deposit: 1775.
  3851. E.R. 1165W-9.N.

• 9.

  Small portion of dish, red-bodied, purple-brown glaze on back and hand painted, floral design on pale blue tin glaze on front, stalks and leaves outlined in black. Probably associated with No. 8, and also made at Rouen.

  Date of deposit: post 1770.
  3860. E.R. 1165T-9.N.

• 10.

  Rim sherd of dish similar in thickness to No. 8 and of similar ware but decorated on front with a band of blue cross hatching endorsed by two black lines.
  Made at Rouen.

  Date of deposit: post 1775.
  3861. E.R. 1012C-9.N.

• 11.

  Two fragments of tin-glazed, buff-bodied earthenware bowl or dish with pinkish-white glaze, plain on back and with cream yellow, hand-painted design of swags infilled with diagonal lines. Probably French.

  Disturbed deposit.
  Left hand fragment:	3862. E.R. 1012-9.N.
  Right hand fragment:	3803. E.R. 1030D-9.N.

• 12.

  Rim sherd of round plate, buff body covered with tin glaze of pale blue hue with single manganese line around the rim. Back shows signs of contact with a three spiked kiln prop. French.

  Disturbed deposit.
  3864. E.R. 1009-9.N.

• 13.

  Section of deep plate with concave rim, the red body covered on both sides with a thick, bluish tin glaze and with a single blue band approximately half way up side. Flat base, mark of simple kiln pad on rear. French.

  Disturbed deposit.
  3865. E.R. 1165-9.N.

• 14.

  Base of ointment or cosmetic pot, red bodied with yellow tin glaze on exterior and white tin glaze in the interior. Extremely thick and with uneven, partially glazed flat foot. Probably French.

  Disturbed deposit.
  3866. E.R. 1005-9.N.

Fig. 10 European wares and delft tiles

Figure 10. European Wares and Delftware Tiles

• 1.

  Two fragments of bowl, plain on interior decorated on exterior with a design in blue, parts of which are infilled with brick red or yellow, the latter area having brick-red dots overlaying it. Probably Dutch.

  Disturbed deposit.
  Left hand fragment:	3819 E.R. 1002J-9.N.
  Date of deposit:	post 1760.
  Right hand fragment:	3820 E.R. 1002G-9.N.

• 2.

  Rim of plate, buff body, plain on back where glaze has a pinkish cast, decorated on front in a bright blue. Possibly Dutch.

  Date of deposit: post 1760.
  3818. E.R. 1126E-9.N.

• 3.

  Three fragments (the upper two from the same or a similarly decorated item) of tea bowls, the body buff and hard-fired and decorated under the tin-glaze in blue. The external decoration of the two upper fragments consists of "sun" like motifs with checkered centers while the interior of the left hand fragments shows a floral design. The lower fragment appears to be floral in character. No parallels for either the ware or the decoration have been found but it seems likely that these cups could be products of a Spanish Mexican pottery as could Figure 10, No. 4.

  Disturbed deposit.
  Upper left hand fragment:	3841 E.R. 1004N-9.N.
  Date of deposit:	post 1740.
  Upper right hand fragment:	3842. E.R. 1001G-9.N.
  Date of deposit:	post 1760.
  Lower fragment:	3821. E. R. 1029M-9.N.

• 4.

  Body fragment of tea bowl (a rim sherd was found in a disturbed context) of the same ware as Figure 10, No. 3, but with an exterior floral decoration. Possibly Spanish-Mexican. Fragments of similar ware were found in [E.R. 1049C-9.N. (deposited post 1750), E.R. 1048H-9.N. (post 1750), E.R. 1126G-9.N. (post 1740)., E.R. 1126E-9.N. (post 1750)].

  Date of deposit: post 1750.
  3822. E.R. 1115B-9.N.

• 5.

  Rim and body fragment of unglazed, coarseware vessel, buff body covered on both sides with a red "paint". Origin unknown.

  Date of deposit: post 1750.
  3823. E.R. 1120E-9.N.

• 6.

  Four fragments of a cup or cups made at Kutahya in Turkey. The body coarse and buff in color, the glaze covers a decoration of leaves and berries in black, red, and green while there are a pair of blue lines above the foot. Identification was provided by Mr. R.J. Charleston of the Victoria and Albert Museum in London who gave their date of manufacture as "the eighteenth century". A base fragment found at the Raleigh Tavern [3347-17.B.1.] is the only other sherd of this ware found in Williamsburg. It will be remembered that Henry Wetherburn was licensee of the Raleigh Tavern between 1742 and 1746/1747. Presumably one of these cups was broken during his occupancy of the Raleigh and at least one survived till his tenure of Lot 21 between 1755-1760.

  Date of deposit:	post 1740.
  Upper left hand fragment:	3825. E.R. 1126F-9.N.
  Date of deposit:	post 1760.
  Upper right hand fragment:	3826. E.R. 1141L-9.N.
  Date of deposit:	post 1770.
  Lower left hand fragment:	3827. E.R. 1108F-9.N.
  Date of deposit:	post 1780.
  Upper right hand fragment:	3828. E.R. 1030K-9.N.

• 7.

  Corner fragment of delft tile, buff body painted in blue and yellow on a pale blue ground, bianco-soprabianco border. A tile with a similar border but painted only in blue is shown in Ray, plate 45, No. 200, where it is attributed to Bristol "about 1760-1770".

  Disturbed deposit.
  3829. E.R. 1017-9.N.

• 8.

  Interior fragment of delft tile, buff body and with design showing flowers and possibly some type of vase. The vase (?) is outlined in manganese and infilled with yellow, the flowers also painted in manganese and blue with yellow overglaze petals. The background is a pale blue similar to No. 9 and both fragments were found in the same area in a previously disturbed soil in the area of the kitchen.

  Disturbed deposit.
  3830. E.R. 1017F-9.N.

• 9.

  Fragment of delft tile, buff body and with design (not identifiable) painted in blue and manganese with red and yellow applied on top. There is a portion of the same "bianco-sopra-bianco" design of No. 7, so it would seem logical to attribute this also to a Bristol factory, between 1760-1770. Two bowl fragments bearing "bianco-sopra-bianco" designs were found during the excavation; one base had an identical border to No. 7 and 9, the other was unidentifiable [E.R. 1012D-9.N. and E.R. 1128A-9.N.].

  Disturbed deposit.
  3831. E.R. 1047A-9.N.

• 10.

  Fragment (upper left hand quarter) of delft tile, buff body with traces of original plaster on back. The front (decorated only in blue) consists of a central design of trees and buildings enclosed in a double circle. At the corner is a crude version of the border design common to most eighteenth-century tiles and which Mr. Louis L. Lipski, the distinguished delft collector, identified as "English".

  Disturbed deposit.
  3832. E.R. 1051B-9.N.

• 11.

  Corner fragment of delft tile with same design as No. 10.

  Disturbed deposit.
  3833. E.R. 1182-9.N.

• 12.

  Center fragment of delft tile, pale buff body, decoration consists of a portion of a double circle used to enclose the main design as in No. 10.

  Disturbed deposit.
  3834. E.R. 1011A-9.N.

• 13.

  Center fragment of undecorated delft tile. Pale buff body.

  Disturbed deposit.
  3835. E.R. 1041A-9.N.

• 14.

  Portion of delft tile, apricot-buff body with dark blue design possibly clouds or waves. A number of similarly decorated tiles were excavated at the Peyton Randolph House. Both the latter and the fragment shown here bear black painted numerals on the reverse suggesting that they formed a panel. Mr. Louis Lipski has declined to give an opinion on the merits of either a Dutch or English origin for these tiles.

  Date of deposit: post 1775.
  3836. E.R. 1129E-9.N.

• 15.

  Corner fragment of delft tile, buff body, most of the decoration and glaze are missing but the remaining fragments indicate that this was a tile with no corner or border design but with a simple central motif in blue with overglaze yellow possibly on leaves.

  Date of deposit: post 1765.
  3837. E.R. 1067A-9.N.

• 16.

  Corner fragment of delft tile, decorated in blue with unusual motif for which no parallel can be found.

  Date of deposit: post 1770.
  3838. E.R. 1040Q-9.N.

• 17.

  Small fragment of delft tile, buff body, decorated on the front with manganese. Though little of the central design is present it is circular in shape and enclosed by a manganese line.

  Disturbed deposit.
  3839. E.R. 1033-9.N.

• 18.

  Small fragment of delft tile, buff body decorated in manganese with two concentric lines, presumably these enclosed a central design as in No. 17.

  Date of deposit: post 1780.
  3840. E.R. 1020K-9.N.

Fig. 11 White saltglaze, tea wares

Figure 11: White Saltglaze

• 1.

  Fragment of capuchine (or small pitcher) the body swelling from a foot and then becoming concave before the rim begins to flare. There is a narrow cordon above the point where the single-grooved strap handle is luted to the body. The coarse greyish-yellow clay used for the body was covered with a white slip. To counteract the latter's tendency to pull away from extremities during firing, the rim has been washed with a band of iron oxide.

  Disturbed deposit.
  3522. E.R. 1049B, 1049C-9.N.

• 2.

  Rim sherd of can with coarse body covered by a white slip, the rim washed with a band of iron oxide.

  Date of deposit: post 1745.
  3524. E.R. 1123R-9.N.

• 3.

  Base of bowl or teapot, thick and with horizontal firing crack. The body is an extremely coarse grey-brown clay which has been covered with a white slip. The surfaces are remarkably smooth and show no traces of "orange peel" texture common to most saltglazed wares.

  Disturbed deposit.
  3525. E.R. 1015-9.N.

• 4.

  Base of bowl or posset cup with rectangular sectioned footring, the body of a coarse buff clay is covered with a white slip.¹

  Date of deposit: post 1745.
  3526a. E.R. 1123R-9.N.

• 5.

  Rim sherd of small pitcher with edge of pointed spout below which are two encircling cordons. The body is a coarse buff clay covered with a white slip; a weak band of iron oxide has been applied around the rim below which there is a single exterior groove.

  Date of deposit: post 1745.
  3527. E.R. 1123S-9.N.

• 6.

  Rim portion of bowl with widely flaring rim below the exterior of which are three cordons. The body of a coarse buff clay is covered by a white slip.

  Date of deposit: post 1755.
  3528. E.R. 1124Q-9.N.

• 7.

  Rim fragment of teapot with collar above a globular body and two cordons on the shoulder. The handle (now missing) appears to have been round in section and the upper portion of the neck has been banded inside and out with iron oxide. The body is a coarse buff clay covered with a white slip.

  Date of deposit: post 1770.
  3529. E.R. 1019D-9.N.

• 8.

  Small, hexagonal teapot spout from globular teapot. The body of a coarse, buff clay is covered with a white slip; three holes allow the passage of tea to the spout.

  Date of deposit: post 1780.
  3530. E.R. 1130N-9.N.

• 9.

  Rim fragment of globular teapot with round sectioned handle and rim recessed to take a flush lid.

  Date of deposit: post 1745.
  3531. E.R. 1168E-9.N.

• 10.

  Highly domed lid of teapot (knop missing) with rounded flange above a collar. The body of coarse buff clay is covered with a white slip.

  Date of deposit: post 1765.
  3532. E.R. 1005D & 1119X-9.N.

• 11.

  Fragment of small teapot lid domed above the rounded flange and then flattening to take the new missing terminal. The collar is straight and square cut, the ware similar to No. 10.

  Date of deposit: post 1750.
  3533. E.R. 1121V-9.N.

• 12.

  Fragment of slightly domed teapot lid with wide down-sloping flange and deep, square-cut collar. There is a groove at the junction of the flange and the lid itself.

  Date of deposit: post 1785.
  3534. E.R. 1012D-9.N.

• 13.

  Small, slightly conical lid of small teapot (possibly from a child's tea set) having no steam hole, small flange and square-cut collar.

  Unstratified
  3535. E.R. 1049-9.N.

• 14.

  Fragment of teapot lid with small flange and deep collar (missing on the illustrated fragment but present on another fragment of the same lid). The upper surface has concentric rouletted bands.

  Date of deposit: post 1785.
  3539. E.R. 1004L & 1122C-9.N.

• 15.

  Everted rim of small round dish, with a groove close to the edge and a cordon in the center of the rim on the upper surface.

  Date of deposit: post 1765.
  3541. E.R. 1026E-9.N.

• 16.

  Base fragment of oval or round vessel, the flat base slightly recessed with a narrow footring. Another fragment, (not illustrated, [3540b. E.R. 1030P-9.N.]) indicates that the sides were slightly flared.

  Date of deposit: post 1785.
  3540. E.R. 1030E-9.N.

• 17.

  Upper portion of small pitcher with rounded spout, groove and cordon close to the rim and below a double band of cordons enclosed by a groove.

  Date of deposit: post 1745.
  3542. E.R. 1030 & 1043B-9.N.

• 18.

  Strap handle of small cup or pitcher, heavily burnt and with molten glass attached to its vitrified surface.

  Date of deposit: post 1750.
  3543. E.R. 1012E-9.N.

• 19.

  Rim of small ointment pot with tiny everted rim and double groove below it on the exterior.

  Disturbed deposit.
  544. E.R. 1012-9.N.

Figure 12. White Saltglaze, various

Fig. 13 White saltglaze, various

Figure 13. White Saltglaze

• 1.

  Portion of thin bowl, waisted above the foot and with rim flaring above the almost vertical sides. Two base fragments of this bowl but could not be joined to the illustrated section. The base is recessed within a round footring. Below the exterior of the rim and above the waisting is a single rouletted band.

  A bowl with appropriate sprigged motifs made in 1739-40 to commemorate the capture of Porto Bello by Admiral Rodney (in the Willett Collection, Brighton, Lewis, Fig. 99) is similar in shape, size and in the positioning of rouletted bands, although these are multiple bands in the case of the Porto Bello example.

  Date of deposit: post 1750.
  3519. E.R. 1118R-9.N.

• 2.

  Section of flaring sided round bowl the base recessed within a shallow footring. A pair of double grooves encircle the body.

  Date of deposit: post 1750.
  3520. E.R. 1125R-9.N.

• 3.

  Flaring sided bowl with single groove below rim on exterior, the base recessed within a narrow footring.

  Date of deposit: post 1780.
  3521. E.R. 105OC-9.N.

• 4.

  Rim and shoulder fragment of chamberpot, thinly potted, the rim rolled down and a surmounting wide cordon enclosed by two narrow ones.

  Date of deposit: post 1755.
  3546. E.R. 1123E-9.N.

• 5.

  Body fragment of chamberpot with terminals of wide strap handle and a cordon enclosed by grooves passing around between them. The body begins to flare outward close to the upper terminal of the handle.

  Date of deposit: post 1785.
  3547. E.R. 1114J-9.P.

• 6.

  Tea bowl, the body flaring from a fine foot within which the base is deeply recessed; the rim plain and everted.

  Date of deposit: post 1750.
  3548. E.R. 1001E-9.N.

• 7.

  Tea bowl with hemispherical sides, plain rim and square-cut footring.

  Date of deposit: post 1795.
  3549. E.R. 105 2D-9.P.

• 8.

  Thinly potted cylindrical tankard with two grooves immediately below the rim and with a pair of cordons above the base.

  Date of deposit: post 1770.
  3550. E.R. 1112A-9.N.

• 9.

  Base of thinly potted tankard with flat base recessed within a wide footring, the body sharply waisted above the foot. There is a narrow cordon close to the point where the sides begin to swell outwards before rising almost vertically. A tankard of similar shape but with "scratch blue" decoration bears the date 1761. (Blacker, p. 94)

  Disturbed deposit.
  3551. E.R. 1022E & 1035B-9.N.

• 10.

  Upper portion of thinly potted tankard with rounded rim below which is a cordon enclosed by a groove, the body cylindrical and the handle (of question mark form) with multiple longitudinal reeding. A tankard of similar form but with "scratch blue" decoration bears the date 1755. (Blacker, p. 78)

  Date of deposit:
  3552. E.R. 1114J-9.P.

• 11.

  Rim fragment of tankard with two cordons on the upper part of the body and above them a single one. Immediately over the latter is a zone of vertical rouletting at which point the rim begins to flare outwards.

  Disturbed deposit.
  3553. E.R. 1053B-9.N.

• 12.

  Base fragment of large tankard, the foot recessed within a ring above which the body slopes inward. There is a single groove immediately above the foot, a groove and two cordons over this and at the point where the body begins to flare outwards a further series of grooves and cordons. The base is thinly potted but the body immediately above the junction point is extremely thick. A base of similar form appears on a tankard commemorating the capture of Porto Bello in 1739, in the Victoria and Albert Museum, see Rackham Plate 56.

  Date of deposit: post 1780.
  3554. E.R. 1121Q-9.N.

• 13.

  Base and upper and lower handle terminals of large thick vessel possibly a large pitcher or a double handled loving cup. The fragments (including some not illustrated) were scattered over a wide area including one found in the Charlton well at a depth of 4 - 6 feet below modern grade. The base is recessed within a round footring, the body waisted and then swelling above the foot and encircled by two cordons. The wide handle has a double ridge down the center and ends with the pinched in and pulled down terminal so beloved by saltglaze potters. At its upper end the handle is simply luted to the body of the vessel.

  Date of deposit: post 1755.
  3555. E.R. 1012G & 1030E & 1030F-9.N. & E.R. 1172-9.P.

Fig. 14 White saltglaze, various

Figure 14. White Saltglaze

• 1-3.

  Three fragments of a sauceboat with twin dragonesque handles and twin spouts. The foot (missing) is oval, the sides are covered with bands of "Greek key" designs and gardooned zones. The mouths of the "dragons" bite the rim. The latter is plain and below it on each side between spout and handle is a raised swag. As far as can be ascertained, most sauceboats of this type have the plain zone above the swags removed. In addition, most known examples have molded designs in the panel immediately below the mouth of the dragon as does the example shown in Antiques, Vol. LXXXVI, No. 4, October 1964, page 434, from the Chorley Collection. This example has reeded strap handles in place of the dragonesque variety, see also Luxmoore, plate 76. There can be little doubt that this design was inspired by the twin-handled and lipped silver sauceboats which were so popular in the second quarter of the eighteenth century. The dating of the white saltglaze examples to the period 1740-1750 is based upon the use of the dragon handles on a "Porto Bello" teapot (see Luxmoore, plate 6) and on other teapots (the house and camel forms) popular in that period.

  Date of deposit:	post 1755.
  No. 1	3545a. E.R. 1001D & 1001E & 1001F & 1030F & 1030P & 1030R & 1030S-9.N.
  No. 2	3545b. E.R. 1030F & 1030R & 1030S-9.N.
  No. 3	3545c. E.R. 1001D & 1008S & 1016-9.N.

• 4.

  Rim sherd of sauce-boat of molded dot, diaper and basket design. Blocks for such vessels are in the Stoke-on-Trent Museum (see Luxmoore, plates 50, 56, 61, 68).

  Date of deposit: post 1750.
  3508. E.R. 1142J-9.P.

• 5,

  Portion of spout of a thin mold-made pitcher with a relief snail is in the Stoke-on-Trent Museum (see Luxmore, plate 6) while another block with a similar design but a more elaborate snail is in the Victoria and Albert Museum (see Luxmore, plate 49). The latter bears the initials RW (Ralph Wood?) and the date 1749. The same museum has a pitcher taken from this block.

  Disturbed deposit.
  3505. E.R. 1015S-9.N.

• 6.

  Two fragments of saucer or butter boat of white saltglaze stoneware (now mended with other fragments to form a section of same) with bead and reel molding at rim and flat foot. Fragments of two or more sauceboats of this type were found at the James Geddy house site [3801. E.R. 1355L-19.B., 3801b. E.R. 1355M-19.B. and 3802. E.R. 1307J-19.B.] in contexts of post 1770 and post 1800 respectively. Another such sauceboat was found at the Timberlake and Dana Lots on Francis Street [3523-2.J.4.]. The vessel is divided into four panels by a groove enclosed by two raised lines and the handle is a plain strap. A smaller but similar sauceboat with creamware body and "Wedgwood" green glaze was found in the Custis Well [3211. E.R. 850W-4.B.].in a context of 1790-1800. Molds for similar vessels are in the Stoke-on-Trent Museum (see Luxmoore, plates 58 and 59).

  Date of deposit: post 1770.
  3481. E.R. 1165 & 1165Z & 1169B & 1169E-9.N.

• 7.

  Small rim fragment of wavy-edged pitcher with molded relief design of grape leaves. The body is coarse in texture, the surface is greyish yellow and the molding of medium quality.

  Date of deposit: post 1810.
  3507. E.R. 1054A-9.N.

• 8 & 9.

  Small fragment of lug handle of molded, scalloped-edge porringer or bowl. The underside is plain while the upper surface has a design (including star and flower) identical to that on the complete handle, No. 9, which was excavated at the Custis site [3479. E.R. 749D, 862B-4.B.]. Another fragment identical to the latter was excavated at the Prentis House site [3498.17.D. 2.].

  Date of deposit: post 1780.
  3480. E.R. 1114C-9.P.

• 10.

  Small fragment of mold-made vessel with dot, diaper and basket type design, possibly a tureen, fruit basket or dish.

  Disturbed deposit.
  3506. E.R. 1047A-9.N.

• 10a.

  Fragment of large molded vessel with high relief decoration including part of a squirrel and the back of a bird with an elaborate tail.

  Disturbed deposit.
  3803. E.R. 1011-9.N.

• 11.

  Molded oval lid with raised scroll band around edge, gadrooned from the center with Chinese lion as lid handle and single stem hole. The body is coarse, the surface yellow, but the quality of the molding is high. A similar lion appears on an agate ware teapot (Hughes, plate 11) in the Victoria and Albert Museum and also on a white saltglaze teapot (Blacker, p.111).

  Date of deposit: c. 1755-65.
  3504. E.R. 1026C-9.N.

Fig. 15 White saltglaze, various

Figure 15. White Saltglaze

• 1.

  Small fragment of thin, finely molded vessel possibly similar to that produced from the block in the Victoria and Albert Museum which bears the initials of Ralph Wood of Burslem. and the date 1749 (Rackham, plate 41B). The snail motif on the block appears on a fragment of a small pitcher from the adjoining square. See Figure 14, No. 5 13505. E.R.1015S-9.N.].

  Date of deposit: post 1775.
  3510. E.R. 1125L-9.N.

• 2.

  Small curved rim fragment of mold-made vessel with vine and leaf. This could be a portion of the unidentified object (or a similar item) found in the well. See Wetherburn, Volume II, Part 1, Figure 4, No. 19.

  Date of deposit: post 1780.
  3511. E.R. 1069A-9.N.

• 3.

  Small curved rim fragment of mold-made vessel with a relief flower below the rim. This vessel is probably similar in character to No. 2.

  Unstratified.
  3512. E.R. 1069-9.N.

• 4.

  Small rim fragment of sauceboat with finely molded relief decoration of a flower and small beading outlining the rim.

  Date of deposit: early 19th century.
  3513. E.R. 1120C-9.N.

• 5.

  Fragment of mold-made, vine-decorated vessel probably a sauceboat.

  Disturbed deposit.
  3514. E.R. 1030-9.N.

• 6.

  Fragment of mold-made vessel with floral decoration and ridged semi-circular band.

  Date of deposit: post 1780.
  3515. E.R. 1015A-9.N.

• 7.

  Three fragments, (the upper two since joined) of an extremely thin, bulbous object probably either a vase or bottle with finely molded, floral motifs and mounting a band diagonal rouletting.

  Date of deposit:	post 1750.
  Left hand and upper right hand fragment:	3563a. E.R. 1125Q & 1131B-9.N.
  Lower fragment:	3563b. E.R. 1124J-9.N.

• 8.

  Molded, round saucer with wedge-sectioned footring and plain exterior. The hexagonal central zone (plain save for a small floral device) is surrounded by gadrooned panels with series of mythical beasts including a crowned human-headed lion, a sea monster with curling tail. A fragment of a similar saucer was found at the Playhouse site on Palace Green [3557-29.A.1.].

  Date of deposit: post 1770.
  3556. E.R. 1047A & 1047E-9.N.

• 9.

  Portion of hexagonal sweetmeat dish with square cut foot and everted rim. A block for a similar dish is in the Stoke-on-Trent Museum (Luxmoore plate 53).

  Date of deposit: post 1750.
  3509. E.R. 1012A & 1012E & 1012J-9.N.10.&11.

• 10 & 11.

  Lid and body fragment of round teapot, the sherd is covered with an overglaze, hand-enamelled design of black overlapping scales, each with a central dot, the whole covered with a bright green. The neck is recessed to take a flush lid. A similarly shaped and decorated teapot in the Victoria and Albert Museum is attributed to the period c. 1765 (see Rackham, Schriber, Vol. II, No. 210, page 40 and plate 31). A small fragment of a lid with a similar decoration and of comparable size was found elsewhere on the site [3560. E.R. 1125L-9.N.].

  Both sherds unstratified.
  Body fragment:	3559. E.R. 1012-9.N.
  Lid fragment:	3558. E.R. 1030-9.N.

• 12,

  Small body fragment of thin, globular vessel probably a teapot, plain on the interior but with hand-painted, overglaze enamel, floral painting on the exterior, in a palette of red, pale blue and black.

  Date of deposit: post 1770.
  3561. E.R. 1017B-9.N.

• 13.

  Rim sherd of saucer, plain on the exterior and decorated on the inside in hand-painted overglaze enamels with a design including a leaf outlined in black and infilled with green.

  Date of deposit: post 1780.
  3652. E.R. 1144J-9.N.

Fig. 16 White saltglaze, plates

Figure 16. White Saltglaze Plates

• 1 & 3.

  Soup plate with flat base, deep bowl and floral and foliage design trailing around the rim. The edge of the latter is raised above the level of the design. The body is coarse and greyish in color as are the surfaces of the plate. On the exterior, there is a groove on the back of the rim immediately above its junction with the bowl.

  Date of deposit: post 1810.
  3497. E.R. 1148D-9.N.

• 2.

  Fragment of thick soup plate with floral relief on the rim and flat base.

  Date of deposit: post 1760.
  3499. E.R. 1125L-9.N.

• 4.

  Section of soup plate with flat base and high relief rim decoration of flowers and leaves.

  Date of deposit: post 1770.
  3500. E.R. 1124 & 1125E-9.N.

• 5.

  Rim fragments of plate with relief decoration of flowers, fruit and tendrils. The body is coarse, and the surfaces are a grey-yellow in color.

  Date of deposit: post 1780.
  3501. E.R. 1027F-9.N.

• 6.

  Five rim fragments of plates with wavy edge, the rim molded in relief with bust of the King of Prussia, trophies and a bird reserved in panels of trellis-pattern diaper alternating with panels enclosing the inscription SUCCESS TO THE/KING OF PRUSSIA/AND HIS FORCES. For a similar plate in white saltglaze, see Honey, plate 17, no. 83. For a similar plate in clouded ware see Lewis, No. 121.

  At least four plates were represented in the fragments found on this site while only two other fragments are in the archaeological collections. One of the latter was found at the site of the Nelson Galt House on Francis Street [3573-9.J.] and the other was excavated at the Peter Scott site [3594-13.J.4.] on Duke of Gloucester Street. These plates were produced during the Seven Years War (1756-1763) when an alliance between the Protestants, namely England and Prussia, opposed the Catholic forces of France, Austria, and Russia. An advertisement in the Boston Gazette for November 13, 1758, offered "White-Stone, Prussian and Basket work'd Plates and Dishes" indicating that such plates arrived in the colonies relatively soon after the beginning of the war. Companies were actively fought in the New World especially in the Ohio Valley, the West Indies and in Canada, where the victory of Wolfe assured British supremacy in that region.

  Date of manufacture:	1756-1763.
  Date of deposit:	post 1765.
  Upper left hand fragment:	3571a. E.R. 1011B & 1030D-9.N.
  Upper right hand fragment:	3571b. E.R. 1116
  Lower left hand fragment:	3572b.
  	E.R.1012D-9.N. & 1157E-9.P.
  Lower right hand fragment:	3570c. E.R. 1067C-9.N.

• 7.

  Section of shallow plate with poorly molded rim with floral design. The base is flat, the rim has a ribbed upper surface, and the coarse body contains many impurities. Fragments of at least one similar plate was found on the site in a deposit made post 1760.

  Date of deposit: post 1760.
  3577. E.R. 1148D-9.N.

• 8.

  Rim with molded leaf and floral design. While no exact parallel for this plate can be found, a similar style of plate is shown in Luxmoore, plate 33.

  Disturbed deposit.
  3575. E.R. 1018-9.N.

• 9.

  Rim fragment with alternating panels of herringbone and "Chinese fence" design separated by foliate scrolls. Fragments of one other plate with this design were found on the site [3580. E.R. 1105A-9.N.].

  Disturbed deposit.
  3576. E.R. 1108-9.N.

• 10.

  Rim sherd of soup plate, the rim panels filled with the "barley" pattern.

  Date of deposit: post 1785.
  3483. E.R. 1092L-9.N.

• 11.

  Rim portion of large plate or platter in Royal shape.

  Date of deposit: post 1790.
  3484. E.R. 110BL-9.N.

• 12.

  12. Fragment plate with plain rim edged by bead and reel molding.

  Unstratified.
  3485. E.R. 1049-9.N.

• 13.

  Rim fragment of octagonal, mold-made plate with trellis diaper and foliations.

  Date of deposit: post 1760.
  3486. E.R. 1092F-9.N.

• 14.

  14. Rim fragment of octagonal plate with notched edge.

  Disturbed deposit.
  3487. E.R. 1069-9.N.

• 15.

  Rim fragment of round plate with-stepped down edge.

  Date of deposit: post 1770.
  3488. E.R. 1108F-9.N.

• 16.

  Rim fragment of plate, with alternate scalloped and notched edge.

  Date of deposit: post 1785.
  3489. E.R. 1012J-9.N

• 17.

  Fragment of small plate with plain rim and wavy edge.

  Disturbed deposit.
  3490. E.R. 1050-9.N.

• 18.

  Fragment of platter with concave rim and wavy edge.

  Disturbed deposit.
  3491. E.R. 1042-9.N.

Fig. 17 White saltglaze, Scratch-Blue and Burslem

Figure 17. Scratch Blue and Burslem Stoneware

• 1.

  Base of strainer, the holes pierced from the outside in an irregular pattern, the footring wedge-sectioned. The perforations extend on to the flaring sides, and up to a wide exterior groove at the edge of the fragment.

  Date of deposit: post 1780.
  3564. E.R. 1114J, 1123E-9.P.,9.N.

• 2.

  Base fragment of white saltglaze strainer with rectangular sectioned foot, the holes larger and more widely spaced than No. 1, but also made from the exterior.

  Disturbed deposit.
  3565. E.R. 1067-9.N.

• 3.

  Saucer with curving sides, wedge-shaped footring and plain rim.

  Date of deposit: post 1760.
  3566. E.R. 1012D-9.N.

• 4.

  Fragment of tankard with plain, slightly everted rim below which on the exterior is a plain band surmounting a zone of vertical fluting.

  Date of deposit: post 1780.
  3567. E.R. 1001D-9.N.

• 5.

  Rim sherd of vertically fluted jelly mold, probably star-shaped, thinly molded.

  Disturbed deposit.
  Unstratified
  3568. E.R. 1070-9.N.

• 6.

  Small fragment of thick oval lid of butter dish (?) with basket weave design.

  Date of deposit: post 1800.
  3569. E.R. 1030P-9.N.

• 7.

  Fragment of "scratch blue" tea bowl or cup, double row of swags on the interior, incised chevron band on exterior close to the rim and floral design below, the rim everted and slightly rolled.

  Date of deposit: post 1750.
  3805. E.R. 1009S-9.N.

• 8.

  Small fragment of base of saucer with square-cut footring, plain exterior and interior floral, "scratch blue" decoration.

  Disturbed deposit.
  3806. E.R. 1164F-9.N.

• 9,

  Rim sherd of saucer with "scratch blue" decoration of double swags with a pendent series of lines below the high points.

  Disturbed deposit.
  3809. E.R. 1030-9.N.

• 10.

  Body fragment of small globular vessel, possibly teapot, plain with strong potting rings on the interior and with "scratch blue" floral decoration on the exterior.

  Disturbed deposit.
  3807. E.R. 1027B, C-9.N.

• 11.

  Fragment, of cylindrical vessel, probably a tankard with plain interior and exterior, "scratch blue" floral decoration.

  Date of deposit: post 1750.
  3808. E.R. 1012-9.N.

• 12.

  Rim portion of large bowl or loving cup with "scratch blue," decoration of multiple swags and pendent lines on the interior and a chevron band on the exterior.

  Date of deposit: post 1755.
  3809. E.R. 1165W-9.N.

• Items 13-16 were also made by the "scratch blue" technique but in imitation of the popular blue-grey Rhenish stonewares, the cobalt was applied to the areas enclosed by the rough incising. Such ware was made largely in the period 1760-1790.

• 13.

  Rim sherd of small cant plain interior and strap handle with two longitudinal grooves.

  Date of deposit: post 1760.
  3843. E.R. 1108V-9.N.

• 14.

  Body fragment of tankard, multiple cordoning close to base, floral decoration and sprigged medallion (only a portion of which remains) showing George III's head and a G to the left of it.

  Disturbed deposit.
  3844. E.R. 1005E-9.N.

• 15.

  Small body fragment of chamber pot (or a large pitcher) with portion of a medallion and surrounding decoration.

  Disturbed deposit.
  3846. E.R. 1013K-9.N.

• 16.

  Fragment of chamber pot, rim at right angles to the body and multiple cordons washed with cobalt below.

  Date of deposit: post 1810.
  3847. E.R. 1130E-9.N.

• 17.

  Body fragment of saltglaze stoneware tankard, coarse buff body, the exterior upper portion with multiple zig-zag rouletted bands coated with an iron oxide slip. Probably a product of the Burslem area of Staffordshire.

  Disturbed deposit.
  3848. E.R. 1115E-9.N.

• 18.

  Rim fragment of similar tankard to No. 17, coarse buff body, the exterior covered with a slip containing iron oxide. Close to the rim is the edge of an incised mark, possibly an excise stamp. Below this are several bands of zig-zag rouletting.

  Date of deposit: post 1740.
  3849. E.R. 1001G & 1030H-9.N.

• 19.

  Fragment of capuchine, of coarse buff clay central cordon above which the body has been dipped in a slip containing iron oxide.

  Deposited: post 1750.
  3850. E.R. 1043B & 104 3C-9.N.

Fig. 18 Shaw, Littler's Blue, Astbury-Bell, etc.

Figure 18. Shaw, Littler's Blue. Astbury-Bell and Dry Bodies

• 1.

  Rim and upper portion of handle of a cylindrical tankard of Shaw ware, the stoneware body chocolate brown in color and the interior slipped with a fine clay. Bands of white are applied to the exterior, two being at the rim and a group of four about one inch lower The handle is multi-reeded on the upper surface only. A tankard of similar ware in the Department of Collections [1959-373] has a round sectioned handle but a pitcher found at the Anthony Hay site [3867. E.R. 230A & 231A & 243M & 369C-28.D.] has a similarly reeded handle.

  Date of deposit: post 1732.
  3868. E.R. 1181D-9.C.

• 2.

  Rim fragment of a can of Shaw ware, chocolate-brown body, white slipped on the interior, two white bands below the exterior rim and a group of four lower down. The layer in which this and two other fragments (not photographed) were found contained a considerable number of pipe stems whose analysis based on the Binford theory of pipe stem dating produced a date of 1749 for the deposit. Two more fragments of a tankard similar to that shown in Figure 1 were found in a disturbed level some distance to the north. [E.R. 1115 & 1115J-9.N.]

  Date of deposit: post 1749.
  3878. E.R. 1011E-9.N.

• 3.

  Rim and base fragments of a bowl of white saltglaze stoneware covered everywhere except the base with Littler's blue. The rim is slightly everted, the foot wedge-sectioned with a considerable accumulation of the blue on its exterior face. The center of the bowl is blotchy, unlike the sides which are a uniform color. Fragments of another similarly shaped bowl were found on the site [E.R. 1004, 10230 1040-9.N.] but all in disturbed contexts.

  Date of deposit:	post 1830.
  Rim fragment:	3875a. E.R. 1017T & 1052A-9.N.
  Disturbed deposit.
  Base fragment:	3874b. E.R. 1017A & 1039-9.N.

• 4.

  Body fragment of white saltglaze teapot, the exterior covered with Littler's blue.

  Date of deposit: post 1800.
  3876. E.R. 1165T-9.N.

• 5.

  Rim and base fragment of teapot of cream-colored earthenware with Littler's blue on the exterior. The rim is recessed to take a flush lid, the base is set within a square-cut foot and is not colored. Five other fragments of this ware and possibly from this vessel were found elsewhere on the site [E.R. 1008, 1090, 1116B, 1126D, 1141G-9.N.].

  Disturbed deposit.
  Rim sherd:	3877a. E.R. 1090-9.N.
  Date of deposit:	post 1750.
  Base sherd:	3877b. E.R. 1127C-9.N

• 6.

  Everted rim of a cylindrical tankard of glazed redware. Somewhat thickly potted and probably not a product of the Astbury pottery.

  Date of deposit: post 1760.
  E.R. 1009Q-9.N.

• 7 & 10.

  Spout and body fragment of pitcher of thinly potted, glazed redware. The pointed spout and the rim are edged with a white slip and on the body is a sprigged, seated squirrel facing to right. A squirrel from a mold probably by the same maker appears on a white saltglaze tankard fragments of which were found at the Prentis Store site in a deposit of the early second quarter of the eighteenth century [6278. E.R. 1417D, 1417L-18.C.].

  Date of deposit: post 1745.
  38790 E.R. 1008M, 1125K-9.N.

• 8.

  Small body fragment of globular vessel of glazed redware probably a small teapot with sprigged white clay leaf, probably a product of the Astbury family potteries.

  Date of deposit: post 1825.
  3880. E.R. 1161D-9.P.

• 9.

  Finely potted fragment of can of glazed redware or cylindrical teapot, the base deeply recessed within the flaring foot above which the wall is sharply everted. This is inferior to most of the known products of the Astbury family potteries and is possibly the work of one of their numerous imitators.

  Date of deposit: post 1750.
  3881. E.R. 1002G-9.N.

• 11.

  Portion of thin, finely potted base of bowl of glazed redware with tall, slightly flared foot within which the base is recessed. Of good quality and probably from the Astbury family kilns.

  Date of deposit: post 1750.
  3883. E.R. 1108X & 1115D- 9.N.

• 12.

  Rim sherd of bowl of glazed redware, the rim covered before glazing with a white slip. Other fragments were found elsewhere in the area [E.R. 1001E & 1001G & 1008V-9.N.].

  Date of deposit: post 1785.
  3884. E.R. 1008R-9.N.

• 13.

  Rim and wall sherd of saucer of glazed redware with white, slipped rim; the red body extremely thick.¹

  Date of deposit: post 1765.
  3885. E.R. 1135P-9.N.

• 14.

  Lower portion of multi-reeded handle of glazed redware attachment to the body, possibly a product of the Pomona potteries of the Bell family.

  Disturbed deposit.
  3886. E.R. 1125-9.N.

• 15.

  Spoon-tray of glazed redware with white slipped rim and flat base. A similarly shaped tray in agateware is shown in Transactions of the English Ceramic Circle, Volume 6, Part 2, 1966, plate 57b.

  Date of deposit: post 1820.
  3887. E.R. 1015G-9.N.

• 16.

  Fragment of flush, engine-turned, glazed redware tea or punch pot lid, extremely thick and poorly potted.

  Disturbed deposit.
  3889. E.R. 1018-0.N.

• 17.

  Shoulder fragment of cylindrical, glazed, redware teapot with plain engine-turning.

  Date of deposit: post 1820.
  3888. E.R. 1011B-9.N.

• 18.

  Fragment of wide strap handle of black dry-bodied stoneware, probably from pitcher or teapot, slightly inset at each edge.

  Date of deposit: post 1820.
  3890. E.R. 1055A-9.N.

• 19.

  Fragment of round, flush lid of tea pot of black, dry-bodied stoneware, having a small square-cut flange with a groove behind it. There is a central gadrooned zone edged by alternating stylized leaf devices and diamonds.

  Date of deposit: post 1820.
  3891. E.R. 1047A-9.N